Improvement in burners for lamps



s. P. 'HAWLEY. Burner for Lamps.

Patented April 29, 1879.

No.'2l4 ,774.

INVEA TOR Samuel flkw-Zsy By his'fltfornezs I I? v N. PETERS,FHOYD-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL F. HAVVLEY, OF WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOB TO W. K.

ELSON, WM. H. ROBINSON, AND THOMAS WALTON, OF SAME PLACE, ONE- FOURTH TOEACH.

IMPROVEMENT IN BURNERS FOR LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 214,774, dated April29, 1879; application filed March 7, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL F. HAWLEY, of Wheeling, in the county of Ohioand State of West Virginia, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Burners for Lamps, &c., of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in burners of the class in whichprovision is made for a regular supply of air to the flame in such amanner as to promote combustion and insure a steady flame.

I employ the usual two-part or double cone around the burner, the innercone or section of the double cone being perforated at the base, toadmit air to pass up to the burner-tip or base of the flame at the sametime that air is supplied to the flame above between the two cones orsections of the double cone.

My improvements consist in a novel organization of parts, whereby theincoming air is caused first to ascend, and then is divided anddeflected or directed in part to the burnertip or base of the flame byway of the inner cone, and in part is directed between the sections ortwo parts of the double cone to the flame above the burner-tip, as willhereinafter first more fully be set forth, and then specificallydesignated by the claims.

My improvements also consist in a pcculiar combination of devices,whereby the incoming air is in part directed directly to the cone-base,and in part caused to first pass upward and then divide into twocurrents, one continuing upward between the cone-sections, and the otherpassing downward, as will hereinafter be described, and thenspecifically designated in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, in elevation, of aburner embodying my improvements, with a portion of the outer wall orshell broken away; Fig. 2, a vertical central section of the same, withsome parts in elevation; and Fig. 3, a view similar to Fig. 1, showing asomewhat different burner from that represented in theprecedin gfigures, the air-inlets in the lower part of the partition orair-deflectin g ring being omitted.

The base or disk A rests upon or may form the cover of any suitableoil-reservoir or lampbody, and near the edge or periphery of this baseis provided the vertical outer shell, wall, or ring, B. This ring formsthe wall or outside of the combustion-chamber, or chamber into which theair enters from without, and by which it is then directed to theburner-tip or burner proper, O, and also to the flame above its base.The air enters the chamber by openin gs or notches in the lower cap ofthe shell or ring B.

A partition or inner ring, D, concentric with the ring or outer shell,B, extends from the base A upward for, say, two-thirds (more or less)the height of the shell B.

The space E between the partition and shell forms the air-receivingchamber, by way of which the air, when first admitted to the shell byits air-inlets a, passes upward to the top of the partition.

The vertical partition or inner ring, D, is continuous around the baseat a short distance from the shell or wall B, and has at its top aseries of notches, d,- or it may be perforated near its top. In thisinstance both the partition and the shell are formed of sheet metal, andare, respectively, provided with saw-like teeth, the spaces betweenwhich constitute the inlets a and the notches d. Both the iuner ring orpartition and the outer ring or shell are soldered in place upon thebase or disk A.

The outer cone or section, F, of the double cone is provided with thelateral flange or annular horizontal rim f, which rests upon the top ofthe teeth (1 of the partition.

The teeth, it should be observed, are above the level or horizontalplane of the base of a the inner cone, G. The base of this inner cone isperforated, and there is an annular space between this inner section ofthe cone and the partition or air-deflecting ring D.

The burner-tip or burner proper, O, and flame openings or slits of thecones are of the usual and well-known construction, and the conesections are concentric, the inner and outer cones being arranged at theproper distance apart to admit air between them.

In operation, cold air passes into the air:

receiving chamber E of the combustion-chamber by the inlets a at thebase of the shell or wall of the combustion-chamber, thence upwardoutside of the partition D to its top or notches d, at and below thebase of the outer cone or section, F, of the double cone. When the airreaches the top of the partition it comes in contact with the heated airor heat from the flame and inner cone or section, G, of the two-partcone, and the current is divided, part of the air continuing upward, andpart being deflected and drawn downward to the base of the cone Gr,through which it ascends to the flame-base. In this way a regular steadysup ply of air is insured, flickering of the flame is prevented, andthorough combustion takes place of the oil and gases.

To prevent the inner cone or section, Gr, of

the two-part cone from being heated to too directly as to interfere withthe proper sup-' ply of air to the chamber E, and thence upward to thetop of the partition, where it is divided, and in part deflected in itscourse, as already fully explained.

The relative areas of the air-receiving chamber E, the air-inlets a, andbottom openings, I, and top openings, (1, of the partition should besuch, or thereabout, as to admit a much greater quantity of air to thenotches or top openings, (1, of the partition than to the inside of thispartition by the bottom openings, I. In this way a too violent draft orforcible current of air to the flame is prevented. The interruption tothe movement of the currents of air caused by the deflection downward ofa portion of the air at the top of the partition, and by the comminglingof this downward current and the direct ingoing current entering by theopenings 1, sufficiently checks or retards the currents to guard againstviolent and injurious drafts, such as would cause a flickering orunsteady flame. At the same time an abundance of air to insure completecombustion passes to the flame at and above the burner or flame-base.

I am well aware that numerous ways have heretofore been devised forsupplying burners with air directed both to the base of the flame andabove or to the body of the flame between the burner-cones, and I do notbroadly claim devices for this purpose; nor do I broadly claim admittingair to the flame at different points by devices which allow it to enterthe outer wall or shell of a combustionehamber, and then cause aseparation of the current, so as to cause a portion of the air to passupward between the cones and the rest to enter the base of the innercone. My peculiar improvements, however, differ from all others of whichI have knowledge in essential respects, now to be pointed out; and

I claim as of my own invention 1. The combination, substantially ashereinbefore set forth, of the base or disk, the outer ring or shell,provided with the low-down air-inlets, the partition or inner rin g,having the air-openings or notches at its top, and the two cones or inner and outer cone-sections, between which air admitted over thepartition passes to the flame above its base, while a portion of the airis deflected downward to the perforated base of the inner cone, and isadmitted to the flame-base, as described.

2. The combination. of theouter ring or shell of the combustion-chamber,having the airinlets at its lower edge, the partition or inner ring,having the air-inlets or notches at its top, and forming, with the outerring, the air-receiving chamber, the outer cone or cone-section restingon the top of the partition, and the inner cone or cone-section having aperforated base below the air-inlets of the partition, these membersbeing and operating substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of theouter-ring or shell of the combustion-chamber, perforated at its loweredge above the base or disk, the partition having the top and bottomair-inlets, and

the two-part cone, to the base of the inner seetion of which air passesboth over the partition and by way of the inlets at its bottom at thesame time that air passes to the flame between the cone-sections.

4. The partition in the combustion-chamber having the top and bottomair-inlets, to both of which the air is admitted by way of theair-inlets in the outer ring or shell of the combustion-chamber,substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

SAMUEL F. HAWVLEY.

Witnesses E. B. HOWARD, W. D. OUsHING.

